Cataloging+Dictionary

 


=**Cataloging Dictionary **=    **AACR2**: Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition. These rules are designed for use in the construction of catalogues and other lists in general libraries of all sizes. The rules cover the description of, and the provision of access points for, all library materials commonly collected at the present time. This second edition of the rules is based on a reconciliation of the British and North American texts of the 1967 edition. This extends to style, which is generally in accordance with the //Chicago Manual of Style//, and to spellings, which are those of //Webster’s New International Dictionary//. Part I of the AACR2 deals with the provision of information describing the item being catalogued, and Part II deals with the determination and establishment of headings (access points) under which the descriptive information is to be presented to catalogue users, and with the making of references to those headings. In both parts the rules proceed from the general to the specific. ( http://www.aacr2.org/about.html )
 * A **


 * Abstract** – a brief summary of an article or a book that includes bibliographic information such as author, title, source, subject headings or descriptors, etc. http://www3.uakron.edu/library/instruction/glossary.htm
 * Abridged WebDewey**- provides web access to the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) database and provides the level of detail needed to classiffy collections of less than 20,000 titles (Source: http://www.nylink.suny.edu/cts/ab_webdewey.cfm )


 * Access Mangement** Control of access to material in digital libraries. Sometimes called terms and conditions or rights management. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )


 * Access Point-**A unit of [|information] in a [|bibliographic record] under which a person may [|search] for and identify [|item]s listed in the [|library] [|catalog] or [|bibliographic database]. Access points have traditionally included the [|main entry], [|added entries], [|subject heading]s, [|classification] or [|call number], and codes such as the [|standard number], but with [|machine-readable] [|cataloging], almost any portion of the [|catalog record] (name of [|publisher], type of material, etc.) can serve as an access point. In the [|MARC] record, most access points are found in the following [|field]s (with XX in the range of 00-99): **1XX** - Main entries **4XX** - [|Series statement]s **6XX** - Subject headings **7XX** - Added entries other than subject or [|series] **8XX** - Series added entries In a more general sense, any unique [|data] [|element] that serves as a point of entry to an organized [|file] of information. In files [|indexed] with [|controlled vocabulary], an access point may be a [|preferred] or nonpreferred term. (Source: Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science (ODLIS) http://lu.com/odlis/index.cfm)
 * Acquisitions**--something accquired or gained. (Source: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/acquisitions )


 * Added Entry-** An entry, additional to the **main entry**, by which an item is represented in a catalog. (e.g. name added entry, title added entry). ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )


 * Alternative title-** The second part of a title proper that consists of two parts, each of which is a title, the parts are joined by "or," or its equivalent in another language (e.g. //The Enchanted Island//). (Source: Kaplan, Allison & Riedling, Ann. __Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006 p.200)


 * Anchor text** or **link label-** is the visible, clickable text in a hyperlink http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_text.


 * Archives--**an organized body of documents made or received in connection with the function of the institution or the library. Archives are maintained and preserved as a part of the record-keeping process and usually collected in a separate physical location. http://www3.uakron.edu/library/instruction/glossary.htm

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 * ASCII **- An [|acronym] for **A**merican **S**tandard **C**ode for **I**nformation **I**nterchange (pronounced "askee"), the [|binary] code built into most [|minicomputer] s and all [|personal computer] s to represent in [|digital] [|format] the [|uppercase] and [|lowercase] [|letter] s of the [|Latin] [|script], [|numeral] s, and special [|character] s. Each ASCII character consists of seven [|information] [|bit] s and one [|parity bit] for error checking. Designed to facilitate information exchange between nonstandard [|data processing] and [|communications] equipment, ASCII is recognized by the [|American National Standards Institute] (ANSI). Also refers to [|text] that has been [|converted] to ASCII code. Unlike text containing special [|formatting] , ASCII can be [|import] ed and [|export] ed by most [|application] [|program] s without conversion and requires no special [|software] for display and [|printing] . //ASCII text// is also known as [|vanilla text] . (Source: Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science (ODLIS) http://lu.com/odlis/index.cfm)  =====


====<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">**Assessment policy-** Statement of a schools assessment beliefs and procedures; usually includes performance-based assessment tools. //See Authentic assessment//.==== http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/aasl/aaslpubsandjournals/kqweb/kqarchives/volume31/315Dictionary.cfm
 * Authority Control-** A method to control the multiple headings an entry could appear under in the library catalog. Multiple entries are cross-referred to a single entry, using authority control. Entries that may require authority control include subject headings and author entries. (Source: __Catalog It!__ 2nd edition. 2006. p.200)


 * Authority File-** A file containing the official forms of names, uniform titles, series titles, and/or sugbject headings used as access points in a library catalog, and citations to sources used to establish them, as well as cross-references to variant forms not used as access points. (Source: Kaplan, A. and Riedling, A. Catalog it! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials. 2nd edition. 2006. page 200.)


 * AUTOCAT-** a place for librarians to go for discussions on the latest events affecting cataloging policy (Source: Kaplan, Allison & Riedling, Ann. __Cataloging It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006. p 22.)

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;">
 * Automation-** The replacement of manual operations by computerized methods. Office automation refers to integrating clerical tasks such as typing, filing and appointment scheduling. Factory automation refers to computer-driven assembly lines. (Source: TechWeb's Tech Encyclopedia: http://www.techweb.com/encyclopedia?term=automation&x=0&y=0 ) In the library world, automation usually refers to the process of automating routing and special library functions, such as circulation, cataloging, or collection development. (Source: Course text: Cataloging it!: A guide to cataloging school library materials: p. 200)

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">B **

(Source: Course text: Cataloging it!: A guide to cataloging school library materials: p. 200)
 * Backlinks**- (or back-links (UK)) are incoming links to a website or web page. In the search engine optimization (SEO) world, the number of backlinks is one indication of the popularity or importance of that website or page. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backlink
 * Barcode-** A printed horizontal strip of vertical bars of varying widths, groups of which represent decimal digits and are used for identifying commercial products or parts. A barcode reader reads barcodes and the code is interpreted either through a software or a hardware decoder. In libraries, barcodes are usually affixed to the book covers to assist in easier circulation and collection control.


 * Barcode symbology** – It is the mapping between messages and barcodes. The specification of a symbology includes the encoding of the single digits/characters of the message as well as the start and stop markers into bars and space, the size of the quiet zone required to be before and after the barcode as well as the computation of a checksum. The barcode used in libraries is called Codabar. (Source: Barcoding Inc. http://www.barcoding.com/ )

A **barcode system** is a network of [|hardware] and [|software], consisting primarily of [|mobile computers] , [|printers] , [|handheld scanners] , infrastructure, and supporting software. Barcode systems are used to automate data collection where hand recoding is neither timely or cost effective. Barcoding systems are not [|radio-frequency identification] (RFID) systems even though the companies that provide barcode equipment will often also provide RFID equipment and many companies use both technologies as part of larger [|resource management] systems.

(Source:Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcode_system )


 * Bibliographic Level:** One of three standard styles of description prescribed by AACR (Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules), each containing varying amounts of bibliographic information from the least (level 1) to the most (level 3) (Source: __Catalog It! A guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006. p.200)

The **//Bibliographic level//** character position contains a one-character alphabetic code that indicates the bibliographic level of the record. [|Record requirements] (National-level and Minimal-level) for Leader/07 for all [|types of material] : **Mandatory**. [|Validity by material type] : Leader/07 and its codes in the table below are valid for all types. || **__Bibliographic level description__****:** ||  <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">
 * **__Code__****:**
 * **a** || [|__Monographic component part__] ||
 * **b** || [|__Serial component part__] ||
 * **c** || [|__Collection__] ||
 * **d** || [|__Subunit__] ||
 * **m** || [|__Monograph/Item__] ||
 * **s** || [|__Serial__] ||
 * Blog**-<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">A blog (short for [|weblog]) is a personal online journal that is frequently updated and intended for general public consumption. Blogs are defined by their format: a series of entries posted to a single page in reverse-chronological order.Blogs generally represent the personality of the author or reflect the purpose of the [|Web site] that hosts the blog. Topics sometimes include brief philosophical musings, commentary on Internet and other social issues, and links to other sites the author favors, especially those that support a point being made on a post. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">The author of a blog is often referred to as a blogger. Many blogs syndicate their content to subscribers using [|RSS], a popular content distribution tool. (Source: SearchWinDevelopment.com http://searchwindevelopment.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid8_gci214616,00.html)
 * Boolean logic**: Named after the nineteenth-century mathematician George Boole, Boolean logic is a form of algebra in which all values are reduced to either TRUE or FALSE. Boolean logic is especially important for [|computer science] because it fits nicely with the [|binary] numbering [|system], in which each [|bit] has a value of either 1 or 0. Another way of looking at it is that each bit has a value of either TRUE or FALSE. ( http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/B/Boolean_logic.html )


 * Browsing** -Exploration of a body of information, based on the organization of the collections or scanning lists, rather than by direct search. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;">

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">C ** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">
 * Cache -** A small section of dedicated high-speed memory built into a microcomputer to improve system performance by providing temporary storage for blocks of data and instructions that would otherwise be retrieved from slower memory. As a general rule, the larger the cache, the greater the enhancement of performance and speed. (Source: http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_c.cfm )

Example: (Source: Marian Gould Gallagher Law Library [|http://lib.law.washington.edu] ) Title: Civil procedure / by Jack H. Friedenthal, Mary Kay Kane, Arthur R. Miller. Call Number: KF8840 .F72 1999. Location: Reference Area. On the spine of a book, the call number would look like this:
 * Call Number**- A combination of numbers and letters that identifies an item and the order in which it is placed on the shelves. Consists of a classification number and a Cutter number and may include a date and/or workmark. (Source: Cataloging A to Z http://home.hiwaay.net/~bparris/CCC/catAtoZ/index.html )

KF 8840 F72 1999
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">REF

|| <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">"K" means the book is about law, "KF" means it is about U.S. law, and "KF8840" indicates it is about federal civil procedure. The ".F72" is based on the first author's last name ("Friedenthal"). These lines, called "Cutter numbers," are added to the call number so that each book has a unique number. A library might have many books on civil procedure; this number helps specify the order in which books will be shelved. "1999" indicates the year of the edition. (Not all call numbers include a publication year.) The location, "REF," indicates that the book is in the Reference Area.

A list of the [|holdings] of a [|library], [|printed], typed, or handwritten on [|catalog card]s, each representing a single [|bibliographic item] in the [|collection]. Catalog cards are normally filed in a single [|alphabetical] sequence ([|dictionary catalog]), or in separate sections by [|author], [|title], and [|subject] ([|divided catalog]), in the long narrow drawers of a specially designed filing cabinet, usually constructed of wood ([|click here] to see an example). Most large- and medium-sized libraries in the United States have [|converted] their card catalogs to [|machine-readable] format. Also spelled //card catalogue//. Compare with [|online catalog]. (Source: http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_c.cfm)
 * Canonical Order** - The arrangement of headings, parts, divisions, or items in an order established by law or tradition, for example, the sequence of the books of the Bible. (Source: http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_c.cfm )
 * Card Catalog**

(Source: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/cataloging/prodcedures/CartographicMaterials.html )
 * Cartographic materials**- maps, most atlases, and other geographical presentations


 * Catalog**- 1) A list of library materials contained in a collection, a library, or a group of libraries, arranged according to some definite plan; 2) in a wider sense, a list of materials prepared for a particular purpose. (Source: __Catalog It! A guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006. p.201)


 * Chief Source of Information** - The source of data to be given preferences as the source from which a surrogate record (or portion thereof) is prepared. __Cataloging It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006. p 201.)

http://www.odl.state.ok.us/servlibs/l-files/glossc.htm
 * Circulation System** - The policies and procedures used in a library for lending materials to users and keeping records of the loans.

Bliss bibliographic classification (BC) Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) Library of Congress Classification (LCC) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_classification
 * Classification scheme**—system or design for organizing library materials according to their subject and allocating a call number to that information resource. The most common universal classification schemes used in the English speaking world are the following:


 * Colophon**– It is an inscription placed usually at the end of a book, giving facts about its publication or a publisher's emblem or trademark placed usually on the title page of a book. (Source: Dictionary [|http://dictionary.reference.com] )

A page at the end of a printed item on which bibliographic information is given __(Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd Ed. 2006. p 201.)


 * Control Field**- A [|field] of the [|MARC] [|record] ([|tag]ged **00X** with **X** in the range of **1-9**) containing neither [|indicator]s nor [|subfield code]s, reserved for a single [|data] [|element] or series of fixed-length data elements identified by the relative position of [|character]s. For example, **field 008** containing 40 [|character]s of [|encoded] [|information] about the record as a whole, such as the [|date] it was entered into the [|database], [|frequency] of [|publication], etc. A control field containing a fixed [|number] of characters, as in 008, is called a [|fixed field]. Compare with [|variable data field].

A field in the MARC format identified by a tag beginning with the number zero. Control fields contain information such as a call number and ISBN (__Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd Ed. 2006 p. 201.)


 * Controlled Vocabularies**- A list of terms authorized for indexing, such as a subject heading listing thesaurus. __(Catologing It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd Eds. 2006. p 201.)


 * Copy Cataloging** - The preparation of a bibliographic record by using or adapting one already prepared by someone else. (Source: http://maine.gov/infonet/minerva/cataloging/manual/glossary.htm or the process of searching an outside source of preexisting bibliographic records, finding a record that matches an item, downloading that record, doing minimal editing to improve the record, and adding local holdings information to the record. (Source: [|http://www.infopeople.org/training/past/2006/beyond/bcc_glossary][|.doc]
 * Copyright** - The exclusive legal rights granted by a government to an author, editor, compiler, composer, playwright, publisher, or distributor to publish, produce, sell, or distribute copies of a literary, musical, dramatic, artistic, or other work, within certain limitations (fair use and first sale). Copyright law also governs the right to prepare derivative works, reproduce a work or portions of it, and display or perform a work in public. Such rights may be transferred or sold to others and do not necessarily pass with ownership of the work itself. Copyright protects a work in the specific form in which it is created, not the idea, theme, or concept expressed in the work, which other writers are free to interpret in a different way. A work never copyrighted or no longer protected by copyright is said to be in the public domain. (Source: http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_c.cfm#copyright )

Transformation of information from one medium to another, including from paper to digital form. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html ) <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> A standard for distributed computing where an object on one computer invokes an Object Request Broker (ORB) to interact with an object on another computer. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )
 * conversion**
 * CORBA**


 * Corporate Body-** An organization or group of persons that is identified by a particular name and that acts, or may act, as an entity. Typical examples of corporate bodies are associations, institutions, business firms, nonprofit enterprises, governments, government agencies, religious bodies, local churches,and conferences. (Source: __Cataloging It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006. p.201)


 * Cross-reference-** A message in the catalog that links two or more related access points (for example, a message at Clemens, Samuel Langhorne referring searchers to Twain, Mark**). (**__Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd Ed. 2006. p. 201.)


 * Cutter Number -** a code combining decimal numbers with letters from an author's surname, used in an alphabetizing system. Named for Charles A. Cutter, A U.S. librarian whose classification system had a similar feature. (Source: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Cutter Number

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">D ** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">

In one view, databases can be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images. (Source: Whatis: http://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid87_gci211895,00.html )
 * Database-** A collection of information that is organized so that it can be easily accessed, managed, and updated.

http://www.clrn.org/elar/dddm.cfm#A )
 * Data-driven decision making** - A DDDM focus uses student assessment data and relevant background information, to inform decisions related to planning and implementing instructional strategies at the district, school, classroom, and individual student levels. “Data literacy” means that a person possesses a basic understanding of how data can be used to inform instruction.

Example: (Source: WCSU Libraries [|http://library.wcsu.edu] ) Ryan, Pam Munoz. __When Marian Sang__. Juv. Coll. **782.1** R957w Focus on the **782.1** number, and disregard the rest of the call number for now. //The first digit in each three-digit number represents the main class//. //The second digit in each three-digit number indicates the division//. //The third digit in each three-digit number indicates the section//. //A decimal point follows the third digit in a class number. Digits following the decimal point indicate further specificity//.
 * DDC** – It is an acronym for Dewey Decimal Classification which is used in libraries for organizing nonfiction publications into subject categories corresponding to three-digit numerals, with further specification expressed by numerals following a decimal point. (Source: Dictionary [|http://dictionary.reference.com] )
 * __7__** 00 represents fine arts
 * __78__** 0 represents music
 * __782__** represents dramatic music & production of musical drama
 * __782.1__** represents opera

Deep Web content includes information in private databases that are accessible over the Internet but not intended to be crawled by search engines. For example, some universities, government agencies and other organizations maintain databases of information that were not created for general public access. Other sites may restrict database access to members or subscribers. (Source: http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci558034,00.html)
 * The Deep Web (also see The Invisible Web)** - The deep Web is the part of the [|Internet] that is inaccessible to conventional [|search engine] s, and consequently, to most users. According to researcher Marcus P. Zillman of DeepWebResearch.info, as of January 2006, the deep Web contained somewhere in the vicinity of 900 billion pages of information. In contrast, Google, the largest search engine, had indexed just 25 billion pages.


 * Delimiter**-It is a character or sequence of characters marking the beginning or end of a unit of data. In MARC, it is a symbol that identifies the start of a subfield. They can be printed as double daggers, $, or @. (Source: Dictionary [|http://dictionary.reference.com] and //Cataloging It!// by A. Kaplan & A. M. Riedling) **additional/clarifying info- the definition in Kaplan/ Riedling says "Delimiters print variously as a double dagger, $, or 1" (p. 201).

In a general sense, any [|character] or sequence of characters used in an electronic [|database] to separate discrete [|element]s of [|data] within a [|field] (or fields) of a [|record]. In the [|MARC] [|record], a character used as the first character of a two-character [|subfield code] to indicate the beginning of a [|subfield], separating one data element from another within the field. The display representation of the MARC [|subfield delimiter] is not [|standardized]. In [|OCLC] it is represented by a [|double dagger] (‡) and in [|Library of Congress] [|cataloging] by the dollar sign ($). **

Descriptors**—A word or a group of words used as a subject to describe the content in books, articles, and other materials for the purpose of indexing or organizing these items by topic. As an important element of effective research, descriptors are needed to determine the correct headings for a specific database or catalog. See also Subject Headings and Thesaurus**. ** http://www3.uakron.edu/library/instruction/glossary.htm **

digital archeology (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )**
 * The process of retrieving information from damaged, fragmentary, and archaic data sources.

Direct Entry**- An access point in which the desired name or word is the first part of the heading, without naming a larger unit of which it is a part; for example, the heading is //Ohio//, not //United States-Ohio//. (Source: __Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edtion.2006. p.201)

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">E

Edition**—Area 2 (250 tag) of the surrogate record wherein the cataloger records the version of the item being cataloged most often identified on the item with the terms “edition” and “version” but not “printing.” __Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006 p.201)**

Emoticon**- a [|symbol] or combination of symbols used to convey emotional content in written or message form. The word is a [|portmanteau] of the [|English] words //emotion// (or //emote//) and //icon//. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoticon **

Enumeration **- Numbering, as in serial volume and issue numbering. (Source: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp)**

Extensible Markup Language (XML)- **A subset of the SGML markup language in which the tags define the kind of information contained in a data element (i.e., product number, price, etc.), rather than how it is displayed. "Extensible" means that XML tags are not limited and predefined as they are in HTML--they must be created and defined through //document analysis// by the person producing the electronic document. Designed to meet the needs of large-scale electronic publishing, XML is a flexible text format that can be used with HTML in the same Web page. Document structure can be defined in a Document Type Definition (DTD) or XML Schema capable of handling document hierarchies. The most elaborate XML vocabularies have been developed to support business-to-business transactions. (Source: [|http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_e.cfm] ** Entry Word- **The word by which a bibliographic entry is arranged in the catalog, usually the first word (other than an article) of the heading. (Source: The University of Southern Mississippi Libraries: http://www.lib.usm.edu/legacy/techserv/marc21_tutorial_ie/marcgloIE.htm )

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">F

fair use **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">A concept in copyright law that allows limited use of copyright material without requiring permission from the rights holders, e.g., for scholarship or review. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )

** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">federated digital library ** Field-
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">A group of digital libraries that support common standards and services, thus providing interoperability and a coherent service to users. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">
 * || [[image:file:///C:/Users/Missy/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif width="280" height="118" caption="Database, location, call number, number of items, status"]] ||
 * || [[image:file:///C:/Users/Missy/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif width="280" height="118" caption="Database, location, call number, number of items, status"]] ||

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">(2.) A MARC field is one or more elements of data which are identified by MARC tag (three-character numeric codes from 001 to 999). (Source: Its MARC [|http://www.itsmarc.com] )
 * Database, location, call number, number of items, status ||

fielded searching Methods for searching textual materials, including catalogs, where search terms are matched against the content of specified fields. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html ) <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">finding aid
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">A textual document that describes holdings of an archive, library, or museum. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )

** Fixed Field- **A field containing data of a specific length and format (e.g. ISBN). (Source: __Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials. 2nd Edition. 206. p 201)__**

Folio -**Refers to oversized books and materials. At UTSA Library, these are shelved in separate sections from regular size materials. http://lib.utsa.edu/Research/Subject/lingo.html ** Folksonomies-**personal free tagging of information and objects for one's own retrieval (Source: http://www.njla.org/njacr/Understanding_Folksonomy.pdf)

** Field terminator1E16** [|http://www.itsmarc.com]

** full text searching
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Methods for searching textual materials where the entire text is matched against a query. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html ) <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> ** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">G

Gazateer **//<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> - //<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">a dictionary of geographical information and data about places. http://www3.uakron.edu/library/instruction/glossary.htm **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> <span style="color: rgb(1,1,0); font-family: MS Sans Serif;"> GMD (General material designation) **- <span style="color: rgb(1,1,0); font-family: MS Sans Serif;">A term indicating the broad class of material to which the [|item] <span style="color: rgb(1,1,0); font-family: MS Sans Serif;">or [|collection] <span style="color: rgb(1,1,0); font-family: MS Sans Serif;">belongs. (Source: http://www.itsmarc.com/crs/grph0051.htm) ** GILS- **Government Information Locator Service, A decentralized collection of locators and associated information services used by the public either directly or through intermediaries to find information. (Source: http://www.dlib.org/dlib/december96/12christian.html#what)**

Graphic Novel-**A [|term] coined by Will Eisner to describe his semi-[|autobiographical] [|novel] //A Contract with God// (1978), written and [|illustrated] in [|comic book] style, the first [|work] in a new [|genre] that presents an extended [|narrative] as a continuous sequence of [|pictorial] images [|printed] in color and arranged in [|panel]-to-panel [|format], with [|dialogue] given in [|caption]s or enclosed in [|balloon]s. A precursor can be found in the //picture story// [|album]s of the 19th-century Swiss writer Rodolphe Topffer, who also wrote novels in conventional form. This new [|literary form] is viewed with suspicion by traditionalists who regard it as a marketing ploy aimed at attracting [|adult] [|reader]s to comic books by removing the stigma attached to them. [|Click here] to read the entry on graphic novels in [|//Wikipedia//] or see the [|//Yahoo!//][| list] of graphic novel [|Web site]s.** See also**: [|fotonovela]. (Source: Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science (ODLIS)<span style="color: rgb(0,0,102);"> http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_g.cfm) <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">H Heading- **A name, word, or phrase placed at the head of a catalog entry to provide an access point. (Source: Kaplan, A. and Riedling, A. //Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials// 2nd edition. 2006. page 202.)**

Holdings Data **Information in regard to the number of copies or volumes of a bibliographic item that a library holds, as well as other information regarding the location and condition of the item (see** copy holdings **and** MARC format for holdings**). http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp **

Host Item **- An item that contains component parts. (Source: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp)**

HTTP**--hypertext transfer protocol. This standard defines how messages are formatted and transmitted over the Internet using Web servers and browsers. (Source: Ambrose, Bergerud, Busche, Morrison, Wells-Pusins. __Computer Literacy Basics__. 2005. p.538)**

Hyperlink**- a network link from one item in a digital library or website to another (Source: [|http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html)__] ** HyperText Markup Language (HTML)-**<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">A document formatting language used by the <span style="color: rgb(51,51,153);">[Wide Web|World Wide Web], which incorporates "tags" (formatting codes) to mark up text. The tags control layout and visual elements such as fonts, headers, titles, paragraph spacing, lists, and other stylistic variables of appearance and also connote embedded hyperlinks to other documents or web servers. HTML documents are <span style="color: rgb(51,51,153);">[|ASCII] files and have //.html// or //.htm// as a filename extension. (Source: Boise State University Albertsons Library Acquisitions Department http://library.boisestate.edu/acquisitions/glossary2.htm#G)

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">I

identifier ** Identity 2.0**, also called digital identity, is the anticipated revolution of [|identity] verification on the [|internet] using emerging user-centric technologies such as [|Information Cards] or [|OpenID]. Identity 2.0 stems from the [|Web 2.0] theory of the world wide web transition. Its emphasis is a simple and open method of identity transactions similar to those in the physical world, such as driver's license. [|[2] ] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_2.0 Indicators-** In MARC format are numeric codes for the computer that define the process for dealing with the information in the tag subfields. Each tag has two indicators, even if one or both are blank (__Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd Ed. 2006. p. 202.)
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">A string of characters that identifies a specific resource in a digital library or on a network. <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">(Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )


 * Indirect Entry—**An access point (usually a geographic or corporate body name) in which the desired name is not the first part of the heading: for example, the desired name is Boston, but the heading is //Massachusetts—Boston//. (__Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006 p.202)

Information- **Stimuli that has meaning in some context for its receiver. When information is entered into and stored in a computer, it is generally referred to as data. After processing (such as formatting and printing), output data can again be perceived as information. When information is packaged or used for understanding or doing something, it is known as knowledge. (Source: Whatis: http://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid87_gci212343,00.html )**

Information Literacy**-<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Skill in finding the [|information] one needs, including an understanding of how [|libraries] are organized, familiarity with the resources they provide (including information [|format]s and [|automated] [|search] tools), and [|knowledge] of commonly used [|research] techniques. The concept also includes the skills required to critically evaluate information [|content] and employ it effectively, as well as an understanding of the technological infrastructure on which information transmission is based, including its social, political, and cultural [|context] and impact. (Source: Source: Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science (ODLIS) http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_i.cfm); The ability to know when there is a need for information, to be able to identify, locate, evaluate, and effectively use that information for the issue or problem at hand. (Source: National Forum on Information Literacy http://www.infolit.org/index.html) **Information Literacy Skills Instruction**- In 1997 the Instruction Section of ACRL (Association of College & Research Libraries) created a Task Force to review the 1987 Model Statement of Objectives for Academic Bibliographic Instruction. The 1997 Task Force made twelve recommendations, ranging from the "title should more clearly indicate the document's content" to the "statement should be more concise." The Instruction Section subsequently created a Task Force for Revision of the Model Statement of Objectives1 and charged it to follow those recommendations. The Task Force began its work at ALA Annual in 1998. <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> Concurrently, an ACRL task force was working on information literacy standards for higher education institutions. That task force's document, Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education (herein referred to as the Competency Standards) were approved in January 2000 and are available at: http://www.ala.org/acrl/ilcomstan.html**


 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">The following Objectives for Information Literacy Instruction: A Model Statement for Academic Librarians updates and replaces the older Model Statement. The Objectives will herein be referred to as the IS Objectives for clarity and to indicate that they were written by a Task Force of the Instruction Section (IS), formerly the Bibliographic Instruction Section of ACRL. **

<span style="font-size: 130%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">For more information on information literacy instruction, and for a complete list of the IS Objectives, please click here: http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/standards/objectivesinformation.cfm ** = <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">(Source: <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Objectives for Information Literacy Instruction: A Model Statement for Academic Librarians, <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Association of College & Research Libraries (ACRL) http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/standards/objectivesinformation.cfm) = =<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> =
 * <span style="font-size: 70%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="font-size: 130%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,0,0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Information literacy encompasses more than good information-seeking behavior. It incorporates the abilities to recognize when information is needed and then to phrase questions designed to gather the needed information. It includes evaluating and then using information appropriately and ethically once it is retrieved from any media, including electronic, human or print sources. The responsibility for helping people become information literate is best shared across a campus, as is clearly indicated in the Competency Standards. Ideally, administrators support information literacy goals for their institutions. Course instructors help their students achieve information literacy in their chosen fields, and librarians and other campus professionals collaborate with course instructors in this effort.


 * Information Package-** the item being cataloged, whether it is a book, DVD, or LCD multimedia projector. Term used to refer to all types of materials being cataloged in a generic form rather than describing a list of item types. (Source: __Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__. 2nd Edition. 2006. p.202)

Information Retrieval: **The process, methods, and procedures used to selectively recall recorded [|information] from a [|file] of [|data]. In [|libraries] and [|archives], [|search]es are typically for a [|known item] or for information on a specific [|subject], and the file is usually a human-readable [|catalog] or [|index], or a computer-based [|information storage and retrieval] system, such as an [|online catalog] or [|bibliographic database]. In designing such systems, balance must be attained between speed, [|accuracy], cost, convenience, and effectiveness. **

ISBD **– It is an acronym for International Standard Bibliographic Description. It is the rules upon which the punctuation in the bibliographic record is based. (Source: //Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials// 2nd ed. 2006 p. 202). Example A typical ISBD record looks like this: A manual for writers of research papers, theses, and dissertations : Chicago style for students and researchers / Kate L. Turabian ; revised by Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M. Williams, and University of Chicago Press editorial staff. — 7th ed. — Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 2007. — xviii, 466 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. — (Chicago guides to writing, editing, and publishing). — Includes bibliographical references (p. 409-435) and index. — ISBN 978-0-226-82336-2 (cloth : alk. paper) : USD35.00. — ISBN 978-0-226-82337-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) : USD17.00 (Source: Reference [|http://www.reference.com] )**

The **International Standard Bibliographic Description** or ISBD is a set of rules produced by the [|International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions] (IFLA) to describe[|[][|1][|]] a wide range of [|library] materials within the context of a [|catalog]. The consolidated edition of the ISBD was published in 2007. It superseded earlier separate ISBDs that were published for [|monographs], older monographic publications, cartographic materials, serials and other continuing resources, electronic resources, non-book materials, and printed music. IFLA's ISBD Review Group is responsible for maintaining the ISBD. One of the original purposes of the ISBD was to provide a standard form of bibliographic description that could be used to exchange records internationally. This would support IFLA's program of [|universal bibliographic control]. The ISBD prescribes eight areas of description. Each area, except area 7, is composed of multiple elements. For example, area 1 includes the title proper, general material designation [|GMD], other title information, parallel title, and statements of responsibility. Elements and areas that don't apply to a particular resource are omitted from the description. Standardized punctuation (colons, semicolons, slashes, dashes, commas, and periods) is used to identify and separate the elements and areas. The order of elements and standardized punctuation make it easier to interpret bibliographic records when one does not understand the language of the description. 
 * 1: title and statement of responsibility area
 * 2: edition area
 * 3: material or type of resource specific area (for example, the scale of a [|map] or the numbering of a periodical)
 * 4: publication, production, distribution, etc., area
 * 5: physical description area (for example: number of pages in a book or number of CDs issued as a unit)
 * 6: series area
 * 7: notes area
 * 8: resource identifier (e.g. [|ISBN], [|ISSN]) and terms of availability area

ISBN**—an abbreviation for International Standard Book Number. The ISBN is a unique machine-readable identification number, which marks any book unmistakably. Its purpose is to coordinate and standardize the use of identifying numbers so that each ISB N is unique to a title, edition of a book, or monographic publication published or produced by a specific publisher or producer. http://www.ala.org/ala/aboutala/hqops/library/libraryfactsheet/alalibraryfactsheet28.cfm **

ISSN**: International Standard Serial Number. The standard number publishers assign to serial publications; most often refers to periodicals, journals, or magazines, but may also be assigned to monographic serial publications. (Catalog it! glossary p. 202)**

ISTE **(International Society for Technology in Education)--A nonprofit professional organization with a worldwide membership of leaders in technology. It promotes appropriate uses of information technology to support and improve learning, teaching, and administration in K-12 education. http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/aasl/aaslpubsandjournals/kqweb/kqarchives/volume31/315Dictionary.cfm **

Integrated Library System- **is an enterprise resource planning system for a library, used to track items owned, orders made, bills paid, and patrons who have borrowed. (Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_library_system <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **

Internet2- **A testing-ground networking environment where universities, companies, and government laboratories work together and develop advanced Internet technologies such as telemedicine, digital libraries and virtual laboratories. Using state-of-the-art [|infrastructure], Internet2 members are connected to the Abilene [|network] [|backbone], which uses regional network aggregation points called gigaPoPs. The Abilene Network operates at 10 [|gigabits] per second and supports transfer rates 100 to 1000 times faster than typical broadband connections.**

The Invisible Web (also see The Deep Web) **-** (n.) **Also referred to as the //deep [|Web]//, the term refers to either [|Web pages] that cannot be [|indexed] by a typical [|search engine] or [|Web pages] that a search engine purposely does not index, rendering the data “invisible” to the general user. One of the most common reasons that a Web site’s content is not indexed is because of the site’s use of [|dynamic] [|databases], which opens the door for a potential [|spider trap]. Web pages can also fall into the invisible Web if there are no links leading to them, since [|search engine] spiders typically crawl through links that lead them from one destination to another. Data on the invisible Web is not inaccessible; the information is out there—it is stored on a [|Web server] somewhere and can be accessed using a [|browser]—but the data must be found using means other than the general-purpose search engines, such as Google and Yahoo! (Source: http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/I/invisible_Web.html)

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> ** J

Joint Author- **A person who collaborates with one or more other persons to produce a work in relations to which the collaborators perform the same function. (Source: Kaplan, A. and Riedling, A. //Catalog it! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials.// 2nd edition. 2006. page 202.)**

K <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> Keyword**-<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">A word or term, chosen by the user, that best summarizes the information being sought. A user can search the library catalog or other database for either a single keyword or a combination of keywords in order to retrieve records containing the keyword(s). (Source: University Library, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater http://library.uww.edu/guides/tutorial/glossary.html#K); A method of searching an OPAC or CD-ROM index for all occurrences of a word or phrase within the database. (Source: Boise State University Albertsons Library Acquisitions Department http://library.boisestate.edu/acquisitions/glossary2.htm#G) **

Known-item Search - **A search in a library for a specific work, as opposed to a search for //any// work by a known author or for works on a particular subject. If the title of the work is known, the easiest way to locate a copy is to search a library catalog or bibliographic database by title. When the user is uncertain of the precise wording of the title, the best strategy may be to search by author's name. If at least two or three significant words in the title are known with certainty, a keywords search may retrieve an entry for the work. (Source: [|http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_k.cfm)] **

Key Heading**- In //Sears List of Subject Headings//, a set of subdivistion for one term that may be applied to all terms of its type. (Source: Kaplan, A. and Riedling, A. //Catalogue it! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials.// 2nd edition. 2006. page 202.)**

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">L LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Heading) - **comprise a thesaurus (in the information technology sense) of subject headings, maintained by the United States Library of Congress, for use in bibliographic records. LC Subject Headings are an integral part of bibliographic control, which is the function by which libraries collect, organize and disseminate documents. Source: http://www.reference.com/search?qLCSH ) The LCSH is also the most comprehensive list of subject headings in print in the world. It's the one tool no librarian should be without. Provides an alphabetical list of all subject headings, cross-references and subdivisions in verified status in the LC subject authority file. (Source: http://www.loc.gov/cds/lcsh.html ) - A system of classifying books and other library materials developed and maintained over the last 200 years by the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. In LCC, human knowledge is divided into 20 broad categories indicated by single letters of the roman alphabet, with major subdivisions indicated by a second letter, and narrower subdivisions by decimal numbers and further alphabetic notation. (Source: [|http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_l.cfm)=] **

Leaf **- Each leaf consists of two pages of a book, one on each side, either or both of which might be blank. (Source: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp)**

Lexis
 * A legal information service, a pioneer of full-text information online. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">M Main Entry**- The entry chosen for a bibliographic record, whether it be a personal or corporate name, or the title of a composite work, a collection, an anonymous work, a periodical or serial, or a uniform title. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )**

MARC Forum**- discussion on the latest topisc in MARC standards; a good place for keeping up with the latest in cataloging trends (Source: Kaplan, Allison & Riedling, Ann. Cataloging It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials. 2nd edition. 2006. p. 22.)**

Metadata: **often called data about data. It is information that describes and locates or manages an information resource. There are three main types: descriptive (describing a resource for identification), structural (how something is put together), and administrative (giving information on how something was created and who created it). Examples are MARC records, archives, Microsoft Word documents, and lists of who changed a wiki. (Source:**

MARC (Machine-Readable Cataloging) <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">mark-up language **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> Codes embedded in a document that describe its structure and/or its format. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html ) ** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Metasearch Engine: **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">an online search tool that gathers search results from several different search engines. Examples include [|www.Metacrawler.com] and [|www.Dogpile.com], [|www.leapfish.com] , and [|www.clusty.com]. (Source: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/MetaSearch.html ) ** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> Microfiche **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> - Flat, plastic sheets containing microimages of pages and read using a special machine. http://lib.utsa.edu/Research/Subject/lingo.html ) ** migration
 * A format used by libraries to store and exchange catalog records. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )**
 * Preservation of digital content, where the underlying information is retained but older formats and internal structures are replaced by newer. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )**

Minimum Level Cataloging-

Mixed Responsibility- **An information package created by contributions of more than one responsible party, such as a book having an author, an editor, and an illustrator. (Source: Kaplan, A. and Riedling, A. //Catalog it! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials//. 2nd edition. 2006. page 203.)**

Modules/Application Module**- A module is a software segment that performs a specific library function, such as cataloging or inter-library loans. Automation system vendors typically sell modules separately (with the exception of circulations and cataloging), and libraries need not purchase them all at once. Circulation and cataloging modules are usually sold together, with "add-on" modules as possible extra purchases. (Source: Kaplan, A. and Riedling, A. //Catalog it! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials//. 2nd edition. 2006. page 203.)**

Monograph-

multimedia
 * A combination of several media types in a single digital object or collection, e.g., images, audio, video. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> ** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">N Notation- **In a classification, the system of alpha or numeric symbols used to represent subjects**. **(Source: Kaplan, Allison & Riedling, Ann. Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials. 2nd edition. 2006. p 203)**

Note(s), General-**<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">In writing and [|printing], a statement explaining a point in the [|text] of a [|work] or giving the [|source] of a [|quotation] or idea that does not originate with the [|author]. Notes are usually [|number]ed consecutively and may be listed as [|footnote]s at the bottom of the same [|page] as the text to which they refer or as [|endnote]s at the conclusion of an [|article], [|chapter], or [|book]. **See also**: [|shoulder note] and [|side note]. Also refers to a statement in the [|note area] of the [|bibliographic record] giving the [|contents] of the [|work], its relationship to other works, and any physical characteristics not included elsewhere in the [|bibliographic description]. If there is more than one note, each is given in a separate paragraph.** See also**: [|biographical note]. In [|Dewey Decimal Classification], an instruction, [|definition], or reference in the [|schedule]s explaining the [|scope] and use of a [|class] or its relationship to other classes. DDC includes over 20 different types of notes.** See also**: [|add note] and [|footnote]. (Source: Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science (ODLIS)<span style="color: rgb(0,0,102);"> http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_n.cfm )

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> ** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">O

OCLC **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">- Online Computer Library Center. Formerly the Ohio College Library Center, a bibiliographic utility head quartered in Dublin, Ohio. Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials. 2nd eds. 2006. p203

** Ontology: **An** ontology **in [|computer science] and [|information science] is a formal representation of a set of concepts within a [|domain] and the relationships between those concepts. It is used to [|reason] about the properties of that domain, and may be used to define the domain. Ontologies are used in [|artificial intelligence], the [|Semantic Web], [|software engineering], [|biomedical informatics], [|library science], and [|information architecture] as a form of [|knowledge representation] about the world or some part of it. [[|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_(computer_science])]

An ontology is a specification of a conceptualization. **

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> OPAC (online public access catalog) ** Open Source [Software]:** [|free software][|[][|1]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_software#cite_note-0[|computer software][|source code][|copyright][|license][|public domain][|Open Source Definition][|open source][|user-generated content]
 * <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">An online library catalog used by library patrons. <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">(Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> ** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">P Parallel Title- **The title of an item in a language other than the primary language of the text. (Source: __Catalog It!__ 2nd edition. 2006. p.203)**

Personal Author- **The person chiefly responsible for the creation of the intellectual or artistic content of an information package. (Source: Kaplan, A. and Riedling, A. //Catalog it! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials.// 2nd edition. 2006. page 203).**

Physical Description-

Plate **- a leaf containing illustrative matter, with or without text, that is not numbered consecutively with the main leaves or pages of the book. (Source: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp)**

Plugpoint **is a term for [|application programming interface] (API). In use, one may say //plugpoint// to indicate a specific place in an API, or in the API of a framework designed to have software components "plugged" into it. However, //plugpoint// has no particular meaning in major APIs and frameworks such as .NET, J2EE, and web services. API, listener, interface, and endpoint are accepted terms used in formal documentation. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plugpoint **

Printers key**: This is found on the copyright page of a book. It indicates the printers run of the book. It looks like this, typically: 10 9 8 7 6 ... If there is a one, that means the book was made in the first print run. Whatever number is lowest shows in which printing run the book was made. Sometimes the year is shown as well. (Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printers_key )**

Preliminaries **- The title page, verso (left) of the title page, any pages preceding the title page, and the cover of a book. (Source: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp)**

Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) - **An international program coordinated by the Library of Congress and participants from other countries, aimed at expanding access to library collections by providing useful, timely, and cost-effective cooperative cataloging that meets the mutually accepted standards of libraries around the world. PCC has four components: BIBCO (monographic bibliographic record program), NACO (name authority program), SACO (subject authority program), and CONSER (cooperative online serials program), guided by a policy committee that includes as permanent representatives the British Library, Library of Congress, Library and Archives Canada, OCLC, and Research Libraries Group. (Source: http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_p.cfm#pcc )**

Proprietary - **Something that is privately owned and controlled, usually by a person or commercial enterprise. The term implies that the specifications or authority needed to reproduce the thing are withheld from public knowledge or legally protected, usually by copyright or patent. In computing, a system, interface, program, or file available only by permission of the owner or author, as opposed to one that is open to use without restrictions. Compare with open systems (Source: http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_p.cfm )**

Protocol (HTTP)- **the basic protocol of the web, used for communication between browsers and web sites (Source: http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )**

Provisional Record**- Brief record created at the time of order if a full record is not found on OCLC or RLIN. It may contain author, title, imprint, edition and series. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Q Qualifier**-In [|Dublin Core] and some other [|metadata] schemes, a term added to provide [|information] about the value of a metadata element. In Dublin Core, qualifiers may refine the meaning of an element or identify [|encoding] schemes that aid in interpreting the element value. In [|subject] [|indexing], see [|parenthetical qualifier]. (Source: Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science (ODLIS)<span style="color: rgb(0,0,102);"> http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_q.cfm )**

query
 * A textual string, possibly structured, that is used in information retrieval, the task being to find objects that match the words in the query. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">R RDF **- (**R**esource** D**escription** F**ramework) A recommendation from the W3C for creating meta-data structures that define data on the Web. RDF is designed to provide a method for classification of data on Web sites in order to improve searching and navigation (see [|Semantic Web]). An RDF Schema (RDFS) is a construct that describes the structure of the RDF vocabulary, including the terms used and their interrelationships and properties. (Source: http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542,t=RDF&i=50223,00.asp#)**

Record Terminator **- The record terminator is a special character which marks the end of a record. It is not usually available to the user. Instead, the automation system typically appends it to data when required. It is defined under MARC standards as being the ASCII character represented by the hexidecimal digit** 1D16**. Some systems represent this value as a small double arrow. (Source: Its MARC [|http://www.itsmarc.com] )**

Realia- **Objects from real life or from the real world, as opposed to theoretical contstructs or fabricated examples; especially, such objects used as instructional or classroom aids. (Source: http://www.allwords.com/word-realia.html)**

Reprint- **1. A new printing of an item made from the original type image. The reprint may reproduce the original exactly, or it may contain minor, but well-defined variations. 2. A new edition with substantially unchanged text. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )**

Retrospective conversion- **The process by which records are converted to machine-readable form so that they can be integrated into the database that is the foundation of the services the library provides. (Source: http://www.library.yale.edu/recon/ )**

Running Title **- A title that is repeated at the head or foot of each page. (Source: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp)

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">S Search Key- **In computer systems, it is a combination of characters from parts of access points. Search keys are used in place of full access points to minimize the size of indexes needed by the computer system as well as to minimize the number of characters searchers must enter. (Source: __Catalog It!__ 2nd edition. 2006. p.204)**

Slashdot effect**, also known as** slashdotting**, is the phenomenon of a popular [|website] linking to a smaller site, causing the smaller site to slow down or even temporarily close due to the increased traffic. The name stems from the huge influx of [|web traffic] that results from the technology news site [|Slashdot] linking to websites. The effect has been associated with other websites or [|metablogs] such as [|Fark], [|Drudge Report] and [|Digg] , leading to terms such as being** Farked **or** Drudged **and the** Digg effect**. Typically, less robust sites are unable to cope with the huge increase in traffic and become unavailable – common causes are lack of sufficient [|data bandwidth], [|servers] that fail to cope with the high number of requests, and traffic [|quotas]. Sites that are maintained on [|shared hosting] services often fail when confronted with the Slashdot effect. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slashdot_effect

** <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Standard Number- **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">The ISSN, ISBN, ISN, or any other internationally agreed upon number that identifies an item uniquely. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp ) ** Search directory-

Search engine-

Sears – **It is a list of subject headings used before the advent of technology. It was used in conglomeration with the Library of Congress subject headings. The Sears Cataloging database consists of MARC records with Dewey numbers and Sears subject headings. (Source: Its MARC [|http://www.itsmarc.com] and //Cataloging It!// by A. Kaplan & A. M. Riedling)**

Series- **A group of separate items related to one another by the fact that each bears, in addition to its own title, a collective title applying to the group as a whole. The series may be numbered or unnumbered. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )**

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Series Title Page **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">- An added title page bearing the series title and usually includes other information about the series (statement of responsibility, publisher, numbering, etc.). ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp ) ** Sine Loco (s.l.) **- Place of publication is unknown. This would appear in the 260 (imprint) field. (Source: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp)**

Sine nomine (s.n.) **- Publisher is unknown. This would appear in the 260 (imprint) field. (Source: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp)**

Standard Number**- The ISSN**, **ISBN, ISN, or any other internationally agreed upon number that identifies an item uniquely. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )**

Statement of Responsibility- **Subfield c of the 245 field which identifies the persons or corporate bodies responsible for the intellectual or artistic content of the item. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )**

Serial **- (1.)Library term for publications issued at regular intervals. This can be a periodical, journal, magazine, newspaper, annual report or a conference proceeding. http://lib.utsa.edu/Research/Subject/lingo.html ) (2.)A publication in successive parts issued regularly or irregularly and intended to continue indefinitely. Includes periodicals, newspapers, proceedings, reports, memoirs, annuals, and numbered monographic series. (Source: Cataloging A to Z http://home.hiwaay.net/~bparris/CCC/catAtoZ/index.html )**

Shelflist- **(1.) A catalog of items owned by a library, arranged by call number. (Source: Kaplan, Allison & Riedling, Ann. Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials. 2nd edition. 2006. p 204) (2.)It is a record of the books and other materials in a library arranged in the order in which the materials are stored on shelves. (Source: Dictionary [|http://dictionary.reference.com] )**

Software Rot-**It describes the perceived slow deterioration of software over time that will eventually lead to it becoming faulty, unusable, or otherwise in need of maintenance. This is not a physical phenomenon: the software does not actually decay, but rather suffers from a lack of being updated with respect to the changing environment in which it resides. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_rot **


 * Specialized search engine**: an online search tool that gathers search results based on certain specialized topics. The search engine may focus on travel, education, or images. A comprehensive list of specialized search engines is here: http://webquest.sdsu.edu/searching/specialized.html (Source: http://www.infotoday.com/searcher/oct02/price.htm )


 * Spindling**- spindling refers to the allocation of different files on different hard disks. This practice usually reduces contention for read or write resources, thus increasing the system's performance. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spindling

**Subfield-** Part of a field in the MARC format. (Source: Kaplan, Allison & Riedling, Ann. __Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__. 2nd edition. 2006. p. 204)


 * Subject Heading**—<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> a word or groups of words that are assigned to books, articles, and other materials in order to indicate the subject matter and to group or organize similar materials by topic. As an important element of effective research, subject headings are needed to determine the correct headings as indexed within a specific database or catalog. See also Descriptors and Thesaurus. http://www3.uakron.edu/library/instruction/glossary.htm

**Surrogate Record**--The result of taking physical and intellectual data about an information package and arranging that data according to standard cataloging rules (AACR); library databases are comprised of surrogate records. (Source: Kaplan, Allison & Riedling, Ann. __Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006. p. 204.)

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<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **T

tag** A special string of characters embedded in marked-up text to indicate the structure or format. (Source: Cornell University http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html )


 * Tagging-** assigning a 3-digit code identifying a line in the MARC format, also known as Field. (Source: Kaplan, Allison & Riedling, Ann. Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials. 2nd edition. 2006. p 204)


 * Tattle Tape-** A magnetic strip placed in each item for security purposes. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )

(Source: [|http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_t.cfm] )
 * Taxonomy -** The science of classification including the general principles by which objects and phenomena are divided into classes, which are subdivided into subclasses, then into sub-subclasses, and so on. Taxonomies have traditionally been used in the life sciences to classify living organisms (see [|//Tree of Life//] ), but the term has been applied more recently within the information sector to the classification of resources available via the World Wide Web.


 * Telecommunication -** The process of sending and receiving signals or messages at a distance via telegraph, telephone, radio, television, cable, microwave, or any other electromagnetic means, on which modern information technology depends. Also, any transmission, emission, or reception of signals by such methods. Compare with telecommunications. (Source: http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_t.cfm )


 * Tittle Proper-** The chief name of an item, including any alternative title, but excluding parrallel titles and other title information. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )


 * Trace or Tracing-** Recording informatino in the surrogate record so that it will be indexed and retrieved by the automated system when a query is entered by the user; tracings in the surrogaterecord include, but are not limited to, author, title, series, and subject. (Source: __Catalog It!__ 2nd edition. 2006. p. 204)


 * Truncation -** The method of using a special symbol at the end of a word to retrieve the stem or the root and all possible endings of that word. To truncate a word while searching ZipLINK or OhioLINK, use an asterisk (*). In other databases, the question mark (?), the pound sign (#), or the dollar sign ($) can be used to truncate terms. In ZipLINK, entering comput* will retrieve compute, computes, computing, computer, computers, and so on. http://www3.uakron.edu/library/instruction/glossary.htm

**Turnkey System** – It is a computer system that has been customized for a particular application. The term drives from the idea that the end user can just turn a key and the system is ready to go. Turnkey systems include all the hardware and software necessary for the particular application. They are usually developed by //OEM//s (original equipment manufacturers) who buy a computer from another company and then add software and devices themselves. (Source: Webopedia [|http://www.webopedia.com] )

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<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">U

Uncontrolled vocabulary**- Indexing in which any terms, not just those on an authorized list, may be uesd for retrieval, such as a title keyword index. (Source: __Catalog it!__ 2nd edition. 2006. p.204)


 * Uniform Resource Locator (URL)-**<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">A standardized technical description of a resource's Internet location. The URL specifies what type of resource (a document at an FTP site, a gopher, a Web site, etc.) is being described and its location on a machine connected to the Internet using a standardized format. Most Web browsers allow the user to enter a URL and gain access to the specified site. (Source: Boise State University Albertsons Library Acquisitions Department http://library.boisestate.edu/acquisitions/glossary2.htm#G)

**Uniform Title-** A collective title used to collocate publications of an author, composer, or corporate body. ( http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp )


 * Union Catalog-**A list of the [|holdings] of all the [|libraries] in a [|library system], or of all or a portion of the [|collection]s of a group of independent libraries, indicating by name and/or [|location symbol] which libraries own at least one [|copy] of each [|item]. When the main purpose of a union [|catalog] is to indicate location, the [|bibliographic description] provided in each [|entry] may be reduced to a minimum, but when it also serves other purposes, description is more complete. The [|arrangement] of a union catalog is normally [|alphabetical] by [|author] or [|title]. [|IFLA] maintains a //[|Directory of National Union Catalogues]//. **See also**: [|//National Union Catalog//], [|//National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections//], [|virtual union catalog], and [|//WorldCat//]. (Source: Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science (ODLIS)<span style="color: rgb(0,0,102);"> http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_u.cfm )


 * USMARC** - The machine-readable cataloging format used in the U.S. Formerly known as LC MARC, MARC II, and MARC. (Source: http://libraries.ou.edu/etc/cataloging/catgloss.asp)

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<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">V

Variable Field-** (1.) A field in the manufacturer, distributor, and seller of a library automation. (Source: __Catalog It!__ 2nd edition. 2006. p.205) (2.) The data in a MARC bibliographic record is organized into these, each identified by a three-character numeric //tag// that is stored in the //Directory// entry for the //field//. Each field ends with a //field terminator// character. The last variable field in a record ends with both a field terminator and a //record terminator//. (Source: Its MARC [|http://www.itsmarc.com] )


 * Vendor**—Manufacturer, distributor and seller of a library automation system or library materials. __Catalog It! A Guide to Cataloging School Library Materials__ 2nd edition. 2006 p.205)

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; text-align: center;">

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **W

Web 2.0:**Web 2.0 (or Web 2) is the popular term for advanced Internet technology and applications including [|blog] s, [|wiki] s, [|RSS] and [|social bookmarking]. The two major components of Web 2.0 are the technological advances enabled by [|Ajax] and other new applications such as [|RSS] and [|Eclipse] and the user empowerment that they support. (Source: Whatis [|http://whatis.com] )


 * Wiki:** Based on a Hawaiian [|term] meaning "quick" or "informal." A [|Web] [|application] that allows users to add [|content] to a collaborative [|hypertext] Web resource ([|coauthor]ing), as in an [|Internet] forum, and permits others to edit that content (open [|editing]). [|Authorization]s and [|password]s are not required, and [|content] can be changed by anyone simply by clicking on a "edit" [|link] located on the page. A wiki may have policies to govern editing and procedures for handling edit wars. Activity within the site can be watched and reviewed by any visitor to the site. The first wiki was the [|Portland Pattern Repository] established by Ward Cunningham in March 1995. The term also refers to the collaborative [|server] [|software] used to collectively create such a [|Web site], allowing [|Web page]s (stored in a [|database]) to be easily created and [|updated]. A prime example is //[|Wikipedia]//. Use of wiki software to facilitate delivery of information services in an [|academic library] is the [|subject] of the [|article] "Something Wiki Comes This Way" by Roy Withers in the December 2005 [|issue] of //C&RLNews//.

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **World Cat-**Formerly known as //OnLine Union Catalog// (//[|OLUC])//, //WorldCat// is the [|online] [|union catalog] of [|materials] cataloged by [|OCLC] member [|libraries] and institutions, a rapidly growing [|bibliographic database] containing over 50 million [|record]s representing materials [|published] since 1000 B.C. in over 400 [|language]s in a variety of [|format]s ([|book]s, [|manuscript]s, [|map]s, music [|score]s, [|newspaper]s, [|magazine]s, [|journal]s, [|theses] and [|dissertation]s, [|sound recording]s, [|film]s, [|videorecording]s, [|computer program]s, [|machine-readable data file]s, etc.). [|Updated] [|daily], //WorldCat// is used by OCLC members and participants for [|cataloging] and [|interlibrary loan] and is available for general use by [|licensing agreement] through OCLC //[|FirstSearch]//. (Source: Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science (ODLIS)<span style="color: rgb(0,0,102);"> http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_w.cfm )

http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib/MS1999/Glossary.html
 * work**

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<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> **Z

Z39.50 -** A standard for informatino retrieval that makes it possible for any library that uses automated library systems conforming to the standard to tap remote library collections or other libraries to tap local collections. (Source: __Catalog It!__ 2nd edition. 2006. p. 205)

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